科士达UPS电源蓄电池的使用运行维护 以及维护的重要性

科士达UPS电源蓄电池在电力系统、厂矿企业、通讯机房等领域得到广泛的应用。在供电系统中直流屏提供开关的操作和保护控制电源、事故照明等、在分厂的科士达UPS电源蓄电池为PCL、DCS等控制系统提供备用电源。如配备的电池失效，将造成开关拒动、监控系统、自动控制系统瘫痪等情况，造成不同程度的影响和损失，因此做好电池的维护使用具有重要的意义。

1 科士达UPS电源蓄电池基础知识

电池是一种电的贮存装置，当两种金属（通常是性质有差异的金属）浸没于电解液之中，它们可以导电，并在“极板”之间产生一定电动势。电动势大小（或电压）与所使用的金属有关，不同种类的电池其电动势也不同。铅酸电池是指以二氧化铅作正极、活性铅作负极、稀硫酸作电解液的电池。它由电池壳、正负极板、电解液、隔板等部分组成。科士达UPS电源蓄电池充放电过程的化学反应如下：
Corstal UPS battery is widely used in power system, factories and mines, communication room and other fields. In the power supply system, DC screen provides switching operation and protection control power supply, accident lighting, etc. In the factory, Corstal UPS power supply battery provides backup power for PCL, DCS and other control systems. If equipped battery fails, it will cause switch rejection, monitoring system, automatic control system paralysis and other conditions, resulting in varying degrees of impact and loss, so it is of great significance to do a good job of battery maintenance and use.

1 Corstal UPS Power Battery Basic Knowledge

Batteries are electrical storage devices. When two metals (usually metals with different properties) are immersed in the electrolyte, they can conduct electricity and generate a certain electromotive force between the "plates". The size (or voltage) of the electromotive force is related to the metal used, and the electromotive force of different types of batteries is also different. Lead-acid batteries are batteries with lead dioxide as positive electrode, active lead as negative electrode and dilute sulfuric acid as electrolyte. It consists of battery shell, positive and negative plate, electrolyte, separator, etc. The chemical reactions in the charging and discharging process of Corstal UPS battery are as follows:

放电充电

PbO₂+2H₂SO₄+Pb≒2PbSO₄+2H₂O

上面充放电的可逆方程表达了铅酸蓄电池具备充电储能和放电的特性，每个单体电池具有2V电动势。使用时，可以串联电池来获得所需较高电压，也可以并联电池来获得所需要较大容量。

按铅酸蓄电池中电解液存在的方式，铅酸蓄电池分为开口式（富液）铅酸蓄电池和阀控式（贫液）密封铅酸蓄电池。阀控式铅酸蓄电池的工作原理是：气体再化合，即正极产生的氧气，通过AGM隔板中的孔隙（或胶体的裂缝）与负极活物质和稀硫酸进行反应，再化合成水，同时使负极板的一部分处于放电状态，从而抑制氢气的产生。只要正极板氧气的产生速度不超过负极板对氧气的吸收速度，电池中不会有多余气体产生，电池中的水也不会损失，就可实现密封。在蓄电池实际使用过程中，总有少量的气体不能被再化合，为防止电池内部压力过大，在电池盖上安装单向阀，排除电池内部多余的气体，这就是所谓的阀控。

科士达UPS电源蓄电池具备低维护特点，因此目前在直流系统和UPS中普遍使用了阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池，

科士达UPS电源蓄电池的基本参数包括：电池电动势、开路电压、终止电压、工作电压、放电电流、容量、比能量、电池内阻、储存性能、使用寿命（浮充放电循环寿命等）；性能指标包括：最大放电电流、耐过充电能力、容量保存率、密封反应性能、安全阀动作、防爆性能、防酸雾性能等。
Discharge Charging

PbO_2+2H_2SO_4+Pb_2PbSO_4+2H_2O

The above reversible equation of charge and discharge expresses that lead-acid batteries have the characteristics of charge, storage and discharge, and each cell has 2V electromotive force. When used, batteries can be connected in series to obtain the required high voltage, or batteries can be connected in parallel to obtain the required large capacity.

According to the existence of electrolyte in lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries are divided into open (liquid-rich) lead-acid batteries and valve-controlled (liquid-poor) sealed lead-acid batteries. The working principle of VRLA batteries is that the oxygen generated by the positive electrode reacts with the active material of the negative electrode and dilute sulfuric acid through the pore (or the crack of the colloid) in the AGM separator, and then synthesizes water. At the same time, a part of the negative plate is discharged, thus inhibiting the generation of hydrogen. As long as the positive plate oxygen generation rate does not exceed the negative plate oxygen absorption rate, no excess gas will be generated in the battery, and the water in the battery will not be lost, so the sealing can be realized. In the actual use of batteries, there is always a small amount of gas can not be re-combined. In order to prevent excessive internal pressure of batteries, one-way valves are installed on the battery cover to eliminate excess gas in the battery, which is called valve control.

Corstal UPS battery has the characteristics of low maintenance, so valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery is widely used in DC system and UPS.

The basic parameters of Corstal UPS battery include: battery electromotive force, open circuit voltage, termination voltage, working voltage, discharge current, capacity, specific energy, battery internal resistance, storage performance, service life (floating charge and discharge cycle life), performance indicators include: maximum discharge current, overcharge resistance, capacity. Preservation rate, sealing reaction performance, safety valve action, explosion-proof performance, acid fog-proof performance, etc.

2 科士达UPS电源蓄电池使用的基本要求

（１）科士达UPS电源蓄电池环境要求

电池必须在规定的环境温度范围内应用，超出规定温度范围必须降底温度使用；电池应安装在相对湿度≤70%、通风、散热、无酸、碱或其他腐蚀性气体的空间中，严禁安装在完全密封的环境中。

（2）科士达UPS电源蓄电池安装要求

安装位置：电池安装时应尽量与设备的其他部分隔离，尽量避免直接与印刷电路板连接，当因设计，空间限制或其他任何原因不能达到此两项要求时，至少应使电池位于设备或单板的最下端，以防止电池在意外情况下发生漏液腐蚀设备部件或单板；

（3）科士达UPS电源蓄电池空间尺寸：安装电池的空间应能满足电池的最大外形尺寸并有一定余量，方便电池的安装，同时考虑尺寸的兼容性；

连接：电池与设备或单板之间连接件长度应尽量小，以减少压降；连接件的横截面积以能长期承受电池充电或工作电流最大值2倍的电流为原则。

（4）科士达UPS电源蓄电池存放要求

蓄电池应在完全充电条件下保存于干燥、洁净、阴凉的环境中；蓄电池存放若要达6个月或更长的时间，则需要定期对蓄电池进行补充电；蓄电池存放环境温度最好保持在30℃以下。

（5）科士达UPS电源蓄电池的选购

目前蓄电池的品牌较多，由国内和国外的品牌，选择一定根据实际使用环境选择性价比较高的品牌，切不可图一时的便宜选择小品牌厂家，甚至假冒产品，采购前要充分进行品牌调查，了解品牌知名度、业绩和售后服务等方面，通过货比三家，最终选购出性价比最高的产品。
Basic Requirements for the Use of UPS Batteries in Costa

(1) Environmental Requirements for UPS Batteries in Costa

Batteries must be used within the specified ambient temperature range and must be lowered to the bottom temperature beyond the specified temperature range. Batteries should be installed in spaces with relative humidity less than 70%, ventilation, heat dissipation, acid-free, alkali-free or other corrosive gases. It is strictly prohibited to install in completely sealed environment.

(2) Installation Requirements for UPS Power Batteries in Costa

Installation location: Batteries should be installed as far as possible in isolation from other parts of the equipment, as far as possible to avoid direct connection with printed circuit boards. When these two requirements cannot be met due to design, space limitation or any other reason, at least the battery should be located at the bottom of the equipment or veneer, in order to prevent leakage of the battery in unexpected circumstances. Corrosion of equipment components or veneers;

(3) Space size of UPS battery in Costa: The space for installing battery should satisfy the maximum shape size of battery and have a certain margin to facilitate the installation of battery, taking into account the compatibility of size;

Connection: The length of the connector between battery and equipment or veneer should be as small as possible to reduce voltage drop; the cross-sectional area of the connector should be based on the principle that it can withstand the maximum current of battery charging or working for a long time.

(4) Storage requirements of UPS battery in Costa

Batteries should be kept in a dry, clean and cool environment under full charging conditions; if they are to be stored for 6 months or longer, they need to be periodically recharged; the storage environment temperature of batteries should be kept below 30 C.

(5) Selection and Purchase of UPS Batteries in Costa

At present, there are many brands of storage batteries. Domestic and foreign brands must choose brands with high price selectivity according to the actual use environment. It is absolutely impossible to choose small brand manufacturers or even counterfeit products cheaply. Before purchasing, brand investigation should be carried out to understand brand awareness, performance and after-sales service. Finally, the products with the highest performance-price ratio can be purchased through the comparison of goods and materials.

3 科士达UPS电源蓄电池的运行维护

（1）科士达UPS电源蓄电池免维护不是不维护

阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池已经在各行业普及使用。对阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池维护技术的认识也在不断地深化完善。从当初的免维护到少维护，最后到目前监控条件下的重维护。

当前，监控检测手段的可靠性，测量精度，电池的充电控制模式等方面的功能还不十分完全同蓄电池的实际使用要求相吻合。不能完全依赖于用监控数据结果作为判断蓄电池实际运行状况的标准，就可能发现蓄电池当前运行中的隐患问题。

科士达UPS电源蓄电池的实际状况会与我们监控测试得到的数据产生很大差别。较为正确的方法是除了日常的监控测试外，还应加强对阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池进行定期维护。正确找到智能化充电设备的工作参数设置与蓄电池实际应用参数之间的差别。进行修正，使电池系统能经常运行在安全可靠的工作状态。阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池与开口式蓄电池相比最大的优点是减轻了对电池维护的劳动强度。但日常的充电维护工作仍是不可缺少的。
Operation and Maintenance of UPS Power Battery in Costa

(1) Corstal UPS battery maintenance-free is not maintenance-free

Valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries have been widely used in various industries. The understanding of maintenance technology of VRLA batteries is also constantly deepening and improving. From the original maintenance-free to less maintenance, and finally to the current monitoring conditions of heavy maintenance.

At present, the reliability of monitoring and testing means, measurement accuracy, battery charging control mode and other functions are not fully in line with the actual requirements of battery use. If the monitoring data can not be used as the criterion to judge the actual operation status of the battery, the hidden problems in the current operation of the battery may be found.

The actual state of the UPS battery in Costa will be very different from the data obtained from our monitoring and testing. In addition to routine monitoring and testing, regular maintenance of VRLA batteries should be strengthened. Correctly find out the difference between the working parameters of intelligent charging equipment and the practical parameters of storage battery. Correction is made to ensure that the battery system can always operate in a safe and reliable working state. Compared with open-ended lead-acid batteries, valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries have the greatest advantage of reducing the labor intensity of battery maintenance. But the daily charge maintenance work is still indispensable.

（1）科士达UPS电源蓄电池新电池使用

新电池在投入使用后，首先要进行补充充电（即均充电）。在25℃时电压值为2.35V/单体±0.02V。充电时间在16～20小时左右。如果不在标准温度时应修正其充电电压。只有在蓄电池充足电的情况下才能进行核对容量试验，同时应按蓄电池充放电标准进行，即初次容量按95%核对。

应当说明的是，由于电池极板活性物质从表面到内部进行充分的化学反应时需要一定的时间，因此建议两次充放电时间间隔应大于10天（深度放电情况下）。充电时间越长则放电深度相对可深一些。

（2）科士达UPS电源蓄电池浮充电

阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池的浮充电压值在25℃时为2.25V±0.02/单体。建议最好取在2.25V～2.26V/单体，即比中心值略高一点。

浮充电压选取的标准为：除满足电池充电时自身的放电及氧复合需要的能量外还必须对电池短期放电后能充足电。否则电池长期浮充时，将会处于欠充电状态。放电时引起容量不足。

同一品牌的蓄电池，在不同的环境和不同的维护条件下使用时，实际使用寿命会相差很大。而对其影响最大的因素就是不为人们所注意的蓄电池长期工作时的浮充电压值。
Corstal UPS Power Battery New Battery Use

After the new batteries are put into use, they must be recharged (i.e., all charged). The voltage value is 2.35V/monomer (+0.02V) at 25 C. Charging time is about 16 to 20 hours. If the charging voltage is not at the standard temperature, it should be corrected. Checking capacity test can only be carried out when the battery is fully charged. At the same time, it should be carried out according to the battery charging and discharging standard, that is, the initial capacity should be checked at 95%.

It should be noted that due to the time required for sufficient chemical reactions from the surface to the interior of the active material of the battery plate, it is suggested that the time interval between two charges and discharges should be greater than 10 days (in the case of deep discharge). The longer the charging time is, the deeper the discharge depth is.

(2) Coastal UPS Power Battery Floating Charging

The float charging voltage of VRLA battery is 2.25V+0.02/monomer at 25 C. It is suggested that 2.25V-2.26V/monomer should be chosen, that is, slightly higher than the central value.

The criterion for selecting floating charge voltage is that besides satisfying the energy required for self-discharge and oxygen recombination during battery charging, the battery must be adequately charged after short-term discharge. Otherwise, the battery will be under-charged when it floats for a long time. When discharging, the capacity is insufficient.

The actual service life of the battery of the same brand will vary greatly when it is used in different environments and under different maintenance conditions. The most important factor affecting it is the floating charge voltage of batteries which are not paid attention to for a long time.

因此对维护人员而言必须了解充电方法对蓄电池使用寿命的影响程度以及如何根据蓄电池的实际使用情况而及时调整充电器对蓄电池的充电参数。

（3）科士达UPS电源蓄电池定期进行均充电

均充电压采用2.35V/单体±0.02V。每隔三个月到6个月应均充电一次，均充电时间一般为8～12小时。

定期均充电的目的是：消除温度变化而没有及时修正浮充电压变化的影响；蓄电池组常放电但浮充电压不能在规定时间内对其充足电；浮充电压值因设备使用电压限制而取得较低时；无人值守机房，不常检测到浮充电压变化的；电池系统中个别单体电池电压≤2.20V；电池储存期超过6个月以上。

（4）科士达UPS电源蓄电池定期进行治疗性或核对性放电试验

科士达UPS电源蓄电池系统长期处于浮充工作时，由于负极活性物质的过量设计及氧复合的存在，致使负极板总有一部分活性物质处于充电不足状态，又由于长期浮充电流值较小而不足以使极板内部的活性物质得到充分的电化学反应而引起极板内部活性物质硫酸盐化，因而降低了负极板容量，使电池使用寿命受到影响。为了避免上述现象出现，对于长期处于浮充电工作状态的电池系统应视工作状态不同而采取每6个月或12个月进行一次治疗性放电试验。当6个月放电一次时放电深度可浅些，宜采用30%～40%左右，若12个月进行放电试验时可适当加深一些，宜为50%～60%，深度加深后会容易发现蓄电池组中出现的故障单体电池。
Corstal UPS Power Battery Floating Charging

The float charging voltage of VRLA battery is 2.25V+0.02/monomer at 25 C. It is suggested that 2.25V-2.26V/monomer should be chosen, that is, slightly higher than the central value.

The criterion for selecting floating charge voltage is that besides satisfying the energy required for self-discharge and oxygen recombination during battery charging, the battery must be adequately charged after short-term discharge. Otherwise, the battery will be under-charged when it floats for a long time. When discharging, the capacity is insufficient.

The actual service life of the battery of the same brand will vary greatly when it is used in different environments and under different maintenance conditions. The most important factor affecting it is the floating charge voltage of batteries which are not paid attention to for a long time.

Therefore, for maintenance personnel, it is necessary to understand the impact of charging methods on battery life and how to timely adjust the charging parameters of chargers according to the actual use of batteries.

(3) UPS battery of Costa

The average charge voltage is 2.35V/monomer (+0.02V). Every three months to six months should be charged once, the average charging time is generally 8 to 12 hours.

The purpose of periodic average charging is to eliminate the influence of temperature change without timely correction of floating charging voltage change; the storage battery group discharges normally but the floating charging voltage can not be fully charged within the prescribed time; when the floating charging voltage value is low due to the limitation of equipment voltage; when the unmanned aircraft room is not on duty, the floating charging voltage change is often detected. In the battery system, the individual cell voltage is less than 2.20V, and the storage life of the battery is more than 6 months.

(4) Corstal UPS batteries regularly undergo therapeutic or checking discharge tests

Because of the excessive design of negative active substances and the presence of oxygen recombination, some active substances in the negative plate are under-charged for a long time, and the active substances in the plate are not sufficiently electrochemical because of the small floating current value for a long time. The reaction results in the sulfation of the active substance in the plate, which reduces the capacity of the negative plate and affects the service life of the battery. In order to avoid the above phenomena, a therapeutic discharge test should be conducted every 6 months or 12 months for a battery system in floating charging state for a long time, depending on the working state. When discharging once in 6 months, the discharging depth can be shallower, and 30%-40% is suitable. If discharging test is carried out in 12 months, the discharging depth can be deepened appropriately, 50%-60%. When discharging depth is deepened, it is easy to find the faulty single batteries in the battery pack.

如果通过放电试验发现蓄电池组中有落后单体时，则可以通过对蓄电池组充放电或单体活化进行补救，以确保蓄电池组的安全可靠运行。

当前，我国的三大运营商为了充分保障网络质量，均严格把关机房动力层面的建设。尤其在核心网，运营商普遍选择更具实力的厂商提供的品质与性能更优秀的UPS产品。其中，科士达UPS电源蓄电池长期成为各大运营商在机房动力解决方案方面的首选。该产品凭借其过硬的品质和优异的性能，被广泛应用于我国通信业各种关键场所，比如上海世博园电信机房、广东移动全球通大厦IDC机房等，成为名副其实的核心机房动力“守护神”。 
 
科士达UPS电源，是一款三进三出型在线式智能交流不间断电源系统，系统共有六种规格，单机额定输出功率分别为：80kVA、120kVA、160kVA、200kVA、300kVA、400kVA，可6台机器直接并联运行。相比于业内同类产品而言，LiebertHipulseU系列UPS主要具有以下优势： 
 
一、科士达UPS电源可靠性高：该系统采用在线式双变换设计，完全隔离市电及油机可能存在的各类电网污染及电网故障对负载的影响;系统具备超强输出过载及短路能力;由此确保了系统稳定性和极限状态的系统安全;此外，系统还具有超宽输入电压、频率范围，能够适应恶劣电网条件，非常符合我国复杂电力环境，等等。科士达UPS电源通过各种先进技术的应用，以及在生产工艺方面的严格把关，充分保障了系统的可靠性。 
 
二、科士达UPS电源智能化水平高：科士达UPS电源的智能化水平不仅是产品可靠性、稳定性和可用性的有效保障手段，还利于用户进行维护和管理。该产品提供了功能强大的SNMP网卡，可以实现科士达UPS电源的远程监控和管理。另外，产品还采用先进的第6代USP及全数字控制技术，并配置了6英寸的超大液晶显示器，支持中英文人机交互操作，进一步强化了科士达UPS电源系统的智能化控制水平。值得一提的是，系统还采用了科士达UPS电源先进的智能化电池管理技术，能够实现自动维护电池，延长电池使用寿命。 
 
三、科士达UPS电源高效节能：Liebert Hipulse U UPS输出功率因数提升至0.9，更适应大规模采用功率因数校正技术的服务器计算机及网络中心，比传统UPS带载能力增加10%以上，由此可帮助用户节省更多投资，并实现长期节能策略。目前行业针对数据中心领域应用的大功率科士达UPS电源一般输出功率在0.8阶段，仅少数厂家能够达到0.9的技术要求。此外，科士达UPS电源还采用了多种输入谐波抑制技术，有效提高了电能利用率，其满载谐波含量小于3%，在业界同类产品中无疑是一款“绿色”性能突出的大功率科士达UPS电源。 

科士达YDE2060    UPS电源

科士达YDE1200    UPS电源

科士达YDC9101S  UPS电源

科士达YDC9101H  UPS电源

科士达YDC9102S  UPS电源

科士达YDC9102H  UPS电源

科士达YDC9103S  UPS电源

科士达YDC9103H UPS电源

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科士达YDC3310     UPS电源

科士达YDC3315     UPS电源

科士达YDC3320     UPS电源

科士达YDC3330     UPS电源