科士达UPS电源为什么设置数据中心UPS旁路？

科士达UPS电源不间断供应的电力对于现代数据中心的成功至关重要，即使对持续供电的最小干扰，也可能导致IT停机。其相关损失中快速累计数千甚至数万美元。

这就是科士达UPS电源成为数据中心关键基础设施的关键组成部分的原因。但是，如果科士达UPS电源本身存在问题怎么办？就像服务器机架或空调机组一样，它们也是复杂的设备，不能免于故障。这就是强大的科士达UPS电源维护计划至关重要的原因。

The uninterrupted supply of power from Kosta UPS power is critical to the success of modern data centers, and even the smallest interference with continuous power supply can lead to IT outages. Its related losses quickly accumulated thousands or even tens of thousands of dollars.

This is why the Corstal UPS power supply has become a key component of the data center's key infrastructure. But what if there is a problem with the Kosta UPS power supply itself? Like the server rack or air conditioning unit, they are also complex equipment and can not avoid failure. That's why a strong Corstal UPS power maintenance plan is crucial.

但是当最坏的情况发生时，并且科士达UPS电源无法充分支持关键负载，它会转换到旁路模式，从而在设备周围提供自动电源路径，并看到负载在主电源供电时运行，直到科士达UPS电源重新上线运营。

还有两种主要的UPS旁路方法，根本区别在于科士达UPS电源旁路的物理位置。

首先，构建一个集中的科士达UPS电源旁路。顾名思义，无论有多少科士达UPS电源组成电源保护系统，它都包含一个单独的旁路机柜，内置一个静态旁路开关和所有其他旁路组件。

替代方案是分散式科士达UPS电源旁路，有时称为“分布式”系统。在此配置中，每个单独的UPS都有自己的专用旁路和组件。

从根本上说，这两种安排本身都是完全可行的，选择使用哪种方式可能归结为个人偏好和几个重要因素。

采用数据中心科士达UPS电源旁路设计的因素是可靠性、成本、功率平衡、占地面积和未来规划。

若负载超过96%以上时，蜂鸣器会间隔0.5s鸣叫一次，此时应降低负载量，关闭或取消无用的设备。电池模式下：电池供电状态下，电池亏电，负载/电池2，黄色1灯亮，蜂鸣器会逐渐变成长鸣状态，输出会自动切断，科士达UPS电源会自动关机。异常模式：运行过程中故障指示灯亮，表示科士达UPS电源处于异常模式，此时应将负载全部断掉，将设备先接在其它供电线路上，关闭科士达UPS电源，将故障现象报自动站维修人员，等待专业人员处理，不可带故障继续供电。科士达UPS电源不能充电的原因及可能是需要换蓄电池。科士达UPS电源理想恒湿20-25度环境、充放电不太频密(每个月不超过两三次)、蓄电池要定期保养，电池及UPS质量好的情况下用超过5年。所以根据这种的情况，极有可能是需要换电池。

效率是UPS的一个关键性的指标，尤其是大容量的科士达UPS电源。它是在满载(阻性)情况下，输出的有功功率与输入的有功功率之比。UPS的标称输出功率越大，其系统效率也越高。小容量双变换在线式科士达UPS电源。

But when the worst happens, and the Corstal UPS power supply can not fully support the critical load, it will switch to bypass mode, thus providing an automatic power path around the device, and see the load running when the main power supply, until the Corstal UPS power supply is back on line.

There are two main UPS bypass methods. The fundamental difference lies in the physical location of the UPS power supply bypass in Costa.

First, a centralized Corstal UPS power supply bypass is constructed. As the name implies, no matter how many Corstal UPS power sources constitute the power protection system, it contains a separate bypass cabinet, built-in a static bypass switch and all other bypass components.

The alternative is a decentralized Corstal UPS power bypass, sometimes referred to as a "distributed" system. In this configuration, each individual UPS has its own dedicated bypass and components.

Fundamentally speaking, both of these arrangements are entirely feasible in their own right. Choosing which way to use may be attributed to personal preferences and several important factors.

The factors of using data center COSTAR UPS power supply bypass design are reliability, cost, power balance, occupation area and future planning.
If the load exceeds 96%, the buzzer will buzz once every 0.5 seconds. At this time, the load should be reduced, and the useless equipment should be closed or cancelled. Battery mode: When the battery is powered up, the battery loses power, the load/battery 2, the yellow 1 light is on, the buzzer will gradually become a long-sounding state, the output will be cut off automatically, and the UPS power supply of Costa will be shut down automatically. Abnormal mode: When the fault indicator light is on during operation, it indicates that the UPS power supply of Kosta is in abnormal mode. At this time, the load should be cut off, the equipment should be connected to other power supply lines first, the UPS power supply of Kosta should be shut down, and the fault phenomenon should be reported to the maintenance personnel of automatic station, waiting for professional personnel to deal with, and the power supply should not be continued without fault. The reason why Corstal UPS power can not be charged and may need to change batteries. Keshida UPS power supply ideal constant humidity 20-25 degree environment, charge and discharge is not too frequent (no more than two or three times a month), battery to be regularly maintained, batteries and UPS quality good use for more than five years. So in this case, it's very likely that batteries need to be changed.
Efficiency is a key indicator of UPS, especially the large-capacity Corstal UPS power supply. It is the ratio of the output active power to the input active power under full load (resistance). The higher the nominal output power of UPS, the higher the system efficiency. Small capacity dual conversion on-line Corstal UPS power supply.

蓄电池的指标选择，内阻：应选择内阻小的蓄电池，这样才能持续大电流放电。如果内阻较大，在充放电过程中功耗加大，使蓄电池发烫。浮充电压：在相同温度下，浮充电压值高意味着储能量大，质量差的蓄电池浮充电压值一般较小。蓄电池浮充电压值在不同的温度时应进行修正。在大中型(几kVA-几千kVA)UPS中采用2V单体系列蓄电池，避免采用小容量组合蓄电池进行混联。

一个自动化程度较高的中心机房，各种线路繁多，采用综合布线解决方案，将空调、电力电源、消防、防雷、监控及照明等系统线路走线，进行统一设计和施工，使结构清晰，便于集中管理和维护。既提高设备的工作能力又便于用户扩充，提高系统的可用性、可靠性。总的来看，方案是一个数据中心区域保护与可扩充系统的解决方案，可优化数据中心的建设投资，并使数据中心具有更高的适应性、可用性、可靠性、可扩展性及更低的维护费用。

1.充电器从主电源吸收能量，经过桥式可控硅整流电路、阻容滤波电路，产生直流电，并将直流电提供给蓄电池和逆变器。

2.逆变器将充电器或蓄电池送来的直流电转变成交流电输出。有的也称逆变器为DC/AC变流器，它是UPS电源的核心部件，逆变器性能的好坏，对科士达UPS电源输出波形、效率、可靠性、瞬态响应、噪声、体积、重量等方面有着决定性的影响。一台科士达UPS电源性能好坏，主要是由逆变器的性能来决定的。

3.静态开关是保证科士达UPS电源系统不间断供电。当科士达UPS电源正常供电时，逆变器输出交流电作为计算机设备的主要电源(或者由市电经稳压器后直接供计算机用电)。在下列情况出现时:①当计算机设备起动或发生浪涌超负载;②当逆变器发生故障。通过电压检测信号，静态开关迅速将负载由逆变器供电转移到市电供电。一旦恢复正常，经检测市电与逆变器电压同步、同频时，又转为逆变器供电。静态开关，就是完成转换并保证转换可靠、不间断供电的关键设备。

4.蓄电池是储存电能的装置。在正常供电时，直流电源对蓄电池进行充电。它将电能转换成化学能贮存起来。当市电中断时，科士达UPS电源将依靠储存在蓄电池中的能量输出直流电，维持逆变器的正常工作。即将化学能转换成电能，供逆变器使用。

Battery index selection, internal resistance: Batteries with small internal resistance should be selected so as to sustain high current discharge. If the internal resistance is large, the power consumption increases during charging and discharging, which makes the battery hot. Floating charge voltage: At the same temperature, high floating charge voltage means large storage energy, and low floating charge voltage of poor quality batteries is generally smaller. The floating charge voltage of storage battery should be corrected at different temperatures. 2V single-system batteries are used in large and medium-sized UPS (several kilowatt-hour A-several thousand kilowatt-hour A), avoiding the use of small-capacity combined batteries for parallel connection.
A central computer room with a high degree of automation has a wide range of lines. It adopts integrated wiring solutions to design and construct the routes of air conditioning, power supply, fire protection, lightning protection, monitoring and lighting systems in a unified way so as to make the structure clear and facilitate centralized management and maintenance. It not only improves the working ability of the equipment, but also facilitates the expansion of users, and improves the availability and reliability of the system. Overall, the scheme is a solution of data center area protection and expansion system, which can optimize the construction investment of data center, and make the data center more adaptable, usable, reliable, scalable and lower maintenance costs.
1. The charger absorbs energy from the main power supply, generates DC current through bridge thyristor rectifier circuit and resistance-capacitance filter circuit, and supplies DC current to storage battery and inverter.
2. Inverter converts DC from charger or battery into AC output. Some inverters, also known as DC/AC converters, are the core components of UPS power supply. The performance of the inverters has a decisive impact on the output waveform, efficiency, reliability, transient response, noise, volume and weight of the Corstal UPS power supply. The performance of a Corstal UPS power supply is mainly determined by the performance of the inverter.
3. The static switch ensures the uninterrupted power supply of Kosta UPS power supply system. When the Corstal UPS power supply is normal, the AC output from the inverter is the main power supply for the computer equipment (or directly supplied to the computer by the city power regulator). When the following situations occur: 1) when the computer equipment starts or surges and overloads occur; 2) when the inverter fails. Through the voltage detection signal, the static switch quickly transfers the load from the inverter power supply to the municipal power supply. Once it returns to normal, when the voltage of the city power and the inverters is synchronized and at the same frequency, it will be converted to the inverters for power supply. Static switch is the key equipment to complete conversion and ensure reliable and uninterrupted power supply.
4. Batteries are devices for storing electric energy. In normal power supply, DC power supply charges the battery. It converts electrical energy into chemical energy and stores it. When the city power is interrupted, the Corstal UPS power supply will output DC power by the energy stored in the battery to maintain the normal operation of the inverters. Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy for use by inverters.

5.控制部分的主要作用控制部分在科士达UPS电源中起着十分重要的作用。通过合理的控制，使UPS电源按设计要求给计算机提供稳定可靠的电能。

它是将蓄电池(多为铅酸免维护蓄电池)与主机相连接，通过主机逆变器等模块电路将直流电转换成市电的系统设备。主要用于给PLC、计算机网络系统或其它电力电子设备如电磁阀、压力变送器等提供稳定、不间断的电力供应。当市电输入正常时，科士达UPS电源将市电稳压后供应给负载使用，此时的科士达UPS电源就是一台交流式电稳压器，同时它还向机内电池充电;当市电中断(事故停电)时，科士达UPS电源立即将电池的直流电能，通过逆变器切换转换的方法向负载继续供应220V交流电，使负载维持正常工作并保护负载软、硬件不受损坏。科士达UPS电源 设备通常对电压过高或电压过低都能提供保护。

1、后备式 科士达UPS电源

后备式 有时候也称为离线式。如下图， Ui为市电输入，当市电输入发生异常(一般为断开 )时, 后备式 UPS 切换到由电池提供电能的状态, DC转换成AC，逆变器开始工作, 为输出提供电能。这里的充电器可以为蓄电池提供电能，以保证电池时刻保持在几乎满电状态，为市电输入发生异常提供保障。因为市电正常输入时，逆变器是不工作的，只有在市电发生时候，电池放电才工作，因此类似于替补，所以我们常称为后备式。

The main function of the control part is that the control part plays a very important role in the Kosta UPS power supply. Through reasonable control, UPS power supply can provide stable and reliable power to the computer according to the design requirements.
It is a system equipment that connects the storage battery (mostly lead-acid maintenance-free battery) with the host computer and converts DC current into municipal electricity through module circuits such as host inverter. Mainly used to provide stable and uninterrupted power supply for PLC, computer network system or other power electronic devices such as solenoid valves, pressure transmitters, etc. When the city power input is normal, the Kosta UPS power supply will supply the city power to the load after stabilizing the voltage. At this time, the Kosta UPS power supply is an AC voltage regulator, and it also charges the battery in the machine. When the city power interruption (accident power outage), the Kosta UPS power supply will immediately supply the DC power of the battery to the load by switching the inverters to continue to supply 220V AC, so as to make it negative. The load maintains normal operation and protects the software and hardware of the load from damage. Costa UPS power supply equipment usually provides protection against high or low voltage.
1. Backup Corstal UPS Power Supply
Backup is sometimes called offline. As shown below, Ui is the municipal power input. When the municipal power input is abnormal (usually disconnected), the backup UPS switches to the state of power supplied by the battery, DC converts to AC, and the inverter starts to work to provide power for the output. The charger here can provide electric energy for the storage battery, to ensure that the battery is almost full at all times, and to provide protection for the abnormal input of municipal electricity. Because the inverter does not work when the municipal power is normally input, and only when the municipal power occurs, the battery discharges will work, so it is similar to the substitution, so we often call it the backup type.

2、 在线式 科士达UPS电源

在线式科士达UPS电源与后备式不一样，因为它的逆变器一直处于工作状态(不管市电正常与否)。在市电正常输入时，经过整流滤波后变成干净为直流电，直流电经过逆变转换交流电，为出负载提供电能，在这过程当中电池不断的充电直至满电。当市电发生异常时候，此时电池放电并经过逆变转换成交流电，保证负载电能供应正常。这里的旁路Bypass开关的作用是：因为逆变器一直处于工作状态，如果在逆变时候发生异常这个开关会直接跳到市电，即由市电供应电能。

3、双逆变电压补偿在线科士达UPS电源

这种是有两组逆变器，市电正常输入时, 两组逆变器会根据对输入电压以及输出电压进行调整，根据差值来进行补偿。因为逆变器承担是最大功率仅为输出功率的百分之二十, 因此科士达UPS电源 的输出那里大大增强。

科士达UPS电源还可以根据从备用时间分离分为标准型和长效型、根据输出电压的相数分为单相UPS和三相UPS等。

科士达YDE2060    UPS电源

科士达YDE1200    UPS电源

科士达YDC9101S  UPS电源

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